https://doi.org/10.15407/iopt.2019.54.096

Optoelectron. Semicond. Tech. 54, 96-111 (2019)

Anastasia Scherban¹, Vitaliy Larin², Volodymyr Maslov³, Natalia Kachur³

¹National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Politechnical Institute"

²National Aviation University of Ukraine

³V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine

SENSORY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE SAFETY OF FLIGHT OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES

The paper considers topical issues of the risks of operating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) with lithium polymer batteries. For today, unmanned aerial vehicles have been widely used in such fields as medicine, agriculture, video capture, oil and gas industry, environmental monitoring, military affairs. Such a widespread use for UAV causes the urgency of the issue for ensuring the safety of its flight.

The purpose of the work was to develop a sensor system for monitoring the state of the lithium polymer battery and the decision-making system for continuing or stopping the UAV mission flight for safe return home.

On the basis of experimental thermographic studies of the accumulators temperature dependence on their discharges, the nonlinear character of this dependence was first established. Using the obtained thermographic results allowed to develop an algorithm and, based on fuzzy logic, provides suggestions on the UAV control system to ensure their flight and guaranteed return home.

The method of monitoring the state of lithium–polymer accumulator battery (LPAB), adapted to the conditions and features of use at UAV is developed. It consists in controlling the output voltage of the LPAB, its surface temperature and temperature on board the UAV during its flight in real time, and comparing the data obtained with the reference characteristics entered into the memory of the on-board microcomputer of the UAV, followed by the issuance of recommendations for the correction of the flight task.

To determine the wind power of the UAV, it can be equipped with a special sensor that measures the wind force. At present time, there are many tiny wind speed sensors that can be adapted, or specialized gauges for UAVs can be made on their basis. If the control system does not presuppose the presence of a wind sensor, then you can use the minimum values calculated by the program to ensure the guaranteed return of the aircraft.

The system of monitoring the power supply of an unmanned aircraft is proposed. The proposed structure is completely autonomous, that is, it is placed on board the UAV and does not require intervention of the ground operator in the flight process, which, in turn, provides for minimization of loss of UAV in the absence of communication with the ground control point.

Keywords: unmanned aerial vehicle, battery, thermography, power supply monitoring system, fuzzy logic.